Again, it ensured that no other variable aside from message orientation would generate an effect on the variables studied. A recent study has also shown that individuals evaluating foods mainly in a hedonistic perspective (a perspective similar to the concept of eating pleasure used in this study) and appreciating the sensory characteristics of food would be less likely to inversely associate tastiness and healthiness (55). This has been demonstrated in previous studies identifying taste as a major determinant of food choices (20, 2224). Characteristics of participants (n = 100) evaluating the healthy eating promotion leaflet containing either a pleasure- or a health-oriented message in a French-Canadian population1. For instance, it might be easier with interactive media to increase affective response of individuals to a message as well as its persuasiveness (60, 61). Recent proposals to Aims: This study aimed to address this gap by examining low and high parent engagement with . Original leaflets are provided as supplemental data (Supplemental Figure 1 and Supplemental Figure 2). These findings suggest that the leaflets would be appropriate to promote healthy eating through 2 distinct approaches (health and pleasure paradigms) and propose that different effects on attitude could be observed from these 2 approaches. Results showed that individuals with normal BMI were more stimulated by the pleasure-oriented message than by the health-oriented message, whereas both of messages induced the same level of stimulation in overweight participants. As expected, results from the manipulation checks showed that orientation of both messages was correctly identified and that these messages were properly designed. Each participant had to read only 1 version of the leaflet and was unaware of the other version. The complete objective of the study was then revealed and the second version of the leaflet was shown to the participant. Nutritional status, depression, social, functional and cognitive status, quality of life, health status, chewing, swallowing, sensorial functions were evaluated in anorexic patients and in a sample of "normal eating" elderly subjects.Results: 96 anorexic subjects were selected in acute and rehabilitation wards (66 women; 81.57 years; 30 . First, participants completed 10 online questionnaires at home documenting, among others, sociodemographic data, food and eating perceptions as well as attitude towards healthy eating and intention to eat healthily; these questionnaires were hosted on a secure web platform (FANI, http://inaf.fsaa.ulaval.ca/fani/). In fact, the pleasure-oriented message referring to emotional benefits has improved the affective component of attitude among participants, whereas the health-oriented message referring rather to cognitive outcomes and functional considerations of food improved the cognitive attitude among readers. Food and nutrition literacy promotion needs multi-dimensional interventions. Therefore, length of the text, pictures representing food groups, foods, or meals proposed in the communications, as well as the design and the format of the leaflet were identical. Our results showed that each approach seems to target a different dimension of attitude (affective and cognitive) towards healthy eating, and that changes in these components correspond to the orientation used. Considered to be drug-like in its effectiveness but without the deleterious side effects inherent to common medications, Boswellia Serrata, specifically its various extracts (which have been used for thousands of years to treat inflammatory conditions), is among the safest and most effective joint health formulas on today's market.15, 21, 25 . P value for BMI adjusted with an ANOVA procedure. Such an increase was not observed after reading the health leaflet. [updated September 22, 2017; cited May 14, 2017]. Some authors have indeed suggested that judgments of healthiness and tastiness of foods vary across individuals, are susceptible to contextual influences, and are not fixed over time (52, 54). Perceived message orientation was measured with the following 2 items on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree: The message focuses on health benefits of eating healthily and The message focuses on the pleasure of eating healthily.. Background Childhood overweight and obesity is a public health priority. Height and body weight were measured according to a standardized procedure (38) at the end of the visit, and a compensation of C$50 was given to each participant. Taken together, these observations suggest that more significant differences in the impact of pleasure- and health-oriented messages could be observed in a more representative cohort. These statistics suggest that most public health efforts based on the transmission of information to improve diet quality have had limited success (4, 12, 13). 3.3 Demonstrate how to promote an appropriate balanced diet with an individual 3.4 Evaluate the effectiveness of different ways of promoting healthy eating 4. Two leaflets similar in all respects, except for the message orientation (pleasure or health), were developed. [cited January 24, 2019]. Box 4 Evaluation: using commitment contracts to encourage extended weight loss Box 5 Health-promoting children's television programme and subsequent food product branding in Iceland Box 6 Modelling the cost effectiveness of interventions to promote physical activity in Australia Moreover, the reviewing of messages by a panel of experts and the editing of the leaflets by a communications agency have undoubtedly ensured the development of quality messages, corresponding to the intended pleasure and health focus. Two components of attitude were measured: affective and cognitive attitude. The results also showed that the pleasure-oriented message was successful in increasing the perception that healthy eating can be enjoyable among participants exposed to the pleasure-oriented leaflet. Don't like to drink plain water? They were told that the aim of the study was simply to evaluate a new healthy eating promotion tool. Background: Children's overweight and obesity have increased in Western societies, including Israel. However, increased production of processed foods, rapid urbanization and changing lifestyles have led to a shift in dietary patterns. Some limitations of the present study should be mentioned. de Ridder D, Kroese F, Evers C, Adriaanse M, Gillebaart M. Block LG, Grier SA, Childers TL, Davis B, Ebert JEJ, Kumanyika S, Laczniak RN, Machin JE, Motley CM, Peracchio L et al. For these variables, adjusted P values are presented. This study was conducted among adults aged between 18 and 65 y. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a booklet promoting healthy eating and increased physical activity amongst people aged 65 years and over, attending hospital outpatient clinics. The authors responsibilities were as followsCV, AB, AB-G, VP, CB, SD, and SL: contributed to designing the study; CV and AB: were responsible for conducting the research, analyzing the data, and writing the article; CV, AB, and SL: had primary responsibility for the final content; and all authors: revised and approved the final manuscript. evaluate the effectiveness of promoting healthy eatinghow bad is my eye prescription calculator. Examples include a very low-calorie diet with medical supervision or a brief quick-start phase of a healthy-eating plan. For instance, health and weight concerns have a greater impact on food choices among Canadians with a college or university degree than among those with a lower level of education (24). vegetables and fruits, grain products, milk and alternatives, meat and alternatives). After 6 months, those in the treatment group lost significantly more weight (mean weight loss 5.3 kg) than those in the placebo group (2.6 kg) and had significantly greater body fat reduction. This work was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (grant FHG129921). Changing the way you go about eating can make it easier to eat less without feeling deprived. Repeated measurements (before and after reading the leaflet) of ordinal data (perceptions of healthy eating, attitude, and intention) were analyzed with the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test. Simons RF, Detenber BH, Roedema TM, Reiss JE. Setting-based approaches included focusing on nurseries and childcare facilities 174 as well as on schools 174, 219 - 224 to promote healthy eating and increase fruit and vegetable intake in children through activities and education; these approaches were found to be particularly effective for young women. The multidisciplinary team of the EATWELL project will gather benchmark data on healthy eating interventions in EU Member States and review existing information on the effectiveness of interventions using a three-stage procedure (i) Assessment of the intervention's impact on consumer attitudes, consumer behaviour and diets; (ii) The impact of . Table 4 shows that after having read the pleasure leaflet, a within-subject increase in the perception Eating healthily can bring me pleasure was observed (P=0.01). Second, the participants in our sample had a great interest in nutrition, and therefore were not necessarily representative of the general population. Dietary and coordinating schedules, and promoting healthy eating the effectiveness of different ways that this target populations to act: the composition and hormone levels and healthier nation in four of people. Publication bias in the potential to evaluate effectiveness different promoting healthy eating habits through diet. People are now consuming more foods high in energy, fats, free sugars and salt/sodium, and many people do not eat . The 4 attribute items were: 1) reasonable/unreasonable; 2) logical/illogical; 3) rational/irrational; and 4) true to life/not true to life. Because individuals with a high BMI more frequently associate negatively the notions of healthiness and tastiness than individuals with normal BMI (65), the association between eating pleasure and healthy foods characterizing the discourse in the pleasure leaflet might have first appeared flawed or pointless to overweight participants, which could explain why their level of stimulation towards this message was not significantly higher. Ways to Promote Adequate Nutrition and Hydration: Mealtimes should be promoted in a way in which people look forward to them and enjoy them. Both leaflets were similarly appreciated. These differences between our sample and the general population may have influenced in some ways the results obtained. Table 2 shows descriptive characteristics of participants in terms of gender, age, BMI, ethnicity, education, income, and employment status. We undertook a systematic review of interventions to promote . Although the pleasure-oriented message appeared to be less clear than the health-oriented message, the median scores of both leaflets for the item clarity corresponded nonetheless to the highest score on the scale. Therefore, 100 subjects evaluated the leaflets (50 assigned to the pleasure leaflet and 50 to the health leaflet). A score from 1 to 9 was obtained for this variable. The first meeting of the World Health Assembly (WHA), the agency's governing body, took place on 24 July of that year. Turn off the TV and avoid arguments or emotional stress that can result in digestive problems or overeating. The video below shows you how to become a great health promoter by: making mealtimes relaxed and comfortable. The objectives. This observation suggests that both messages have successfully transmitted their respective vision. Questionnaires were completed online and data were also collected at a visit made to the Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods. However, additional intervention studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis. After reading the leaflet, participants completed a manipulation check regarding the recognition of the message orientation (35, 39). 2022-2023 After the reading, they were immediately invited to complete online questionnaires onsite to assess their postreading perceptions, attitude, and intention as well as their reactions to the messages. When identifying evaluation measures for health promotion and disease prevention programs, it is important to consider the program's focus, the needs of the audience or funders, and the time frame and training available for meeting program goals. Petit et al. A total of 100 adults (50% women; mean SD age 45.113.0 y) were randomly assigned to read 1 of the 2 leaflets (pleasure: n = 50; health: n = 50). Comparison of the differences in iron and anemia-related markers by ultramarathon distance. Effect of acute high-intensity intermittent exercise on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentrations. To create a social environment where healthy eating and a positive body image are the norm, Connie Sobczak and Elizabeth Scott established The Body Positive initiative in 1996. A study commissioned by the Heart & Stroke Foundation of Canada also revealed that, in 2015, 48.3% of caloric intake of Canadians aged 2 y was from ultraprocessed foods, including foods that do not belong to Canada's Food Guide (e.g., fast food, sugary drinks, snacks, chips, candies, cookies, sweetened cereals, sauces, and dressings) (7). Health communication research has shown that message framing plays an important role in the effectiveness of messages (32, 33). This measure aims to evaluate if the pleasure version of the leaflet induced the desired effect on the readers, namely perceiving that healthy eating can be enjoyable. Perceptions, the potential effect of messages, and their appreciation were evaluated. of diet-related ill health, a range of actions are required across the UK.a Supporting local authorities to create healthier food environments Local authorities should have the necessary powers to ensure that the food environment everyone lives in is conducive to healthy eating. Therefore, new perspectives are needed to build effective healthy eating promotion strategies. Intention to eat healthily was assessed as the mean of the following 3 items on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree: 1) I have the intention to eat healthily in the next month; 2) I will try to eat healthily in the next month; and 3) I'm motivated to eat healthily in the next month (4951). Methods A systematic review of trials using individual or cluster randomisation of interventions delivered in . Although our expectations were not met, it is worth mentioning that the median scores of the perceived effectiveness of the message in both conditions were high, meaning that pleasure- and health-oriented approaches both received high appraisal and, therefore, are both likely to foster changes in eating behaviors (58, 59). Moreover, there was no possibility for such an increase in the health condition because the score for this item was already at its maximum before reading the leaflet (median score was 7 out of 7). (Interventions to Promote Healthy Eating Habits: Evaluation and Recommendations) (2012). Participants were asked the following 5 items on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree: The message was: (i) clear; (ii) easy to understand; (iii) interesting; (iv) important; and (v) of a high quality. Each item was analyzed separately. Those involved in promoting health and well-being in communities. Eating lots of vegetables and fruits can make you feel fuller. . To promote prevention behaviors (e.g., use of sunscreen, consumption of fruits and vegetables), a gain-framed message, which highlights the benefits of adopting a behavior, has been shown to be more persuasive than a loss-framed message (33, 35). Overall message acceptance was assessed by items measuring the extent to which participants considered that the leaflets/messages were properly designed (35) and acceptable/relevant (39). Fruit and vegetable consumption in Europedo Europeans get enough? Further studies are needed to better understand the influence of weight status on the response to an approach focusing on eating pleasure in the promotion of healthy eating. These include public education campaigns, food labelling requirements, and bans on marketing certain foods to children. Many foods, such as juice, soups, fruits, vegetables, and milk are 80 to 90 percent water. You will also find tips to help you improve your eating, physical activity habits, and overall health. Author disclosures: CV, AB, AB-G, VP, CB, SD, and SL, no conflicts of interest. Effectiveness of Interventions to Promote Healthy Eating Habits in Children and Adolescents at Risk of Poverty: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis June 2020 Nutrients 12(6):1891 It is not known whether healthy eating interventions are equally effective among all sections of the population, nor whether they narrow or widen the health gap between rich and poor. Unknown previous A healthy diet helps to protect against malnutrition in all its forms, as well as a range of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and other conditions. Evaluate the effectiveness of different ways of promoting healthy eating (5416 3.4) The different ways or promoting healthy eating is through public health, public policy interventions. These findings might be explained by the fact that dimensions of eating pleasure and health were derived from previous focus groups conducted among participants similar to our targeted population (31). Davis KC, Nonnemaker JM, Farrelly MC, Niederdeppe J. Morley B, Niven P, Dixon H, Swanson M, Szybiak M, Shilton T, Pratt IS, Slevin T, Hill D, Wakefield M. Raghunathan R, Walker Naylor R, Hoyer WD. Therefore, challenging the strategies currently used is of significant importance. Learning to recognize and honor your body's . Table 4 presents the median scores before and after reading the leaflet for attitude and intention within each condition, as well as the differences in changes between leaflets. Experiences of a Multiethnic Cohort of Patients Enrolled in a Financial Reimbursement Program for Cancer Clinical Trials. Michie S, et al. Available from: Measured adult body mass index (BMI) (World Health Organization classification), by age group and sex, Canada and provinces, Canadian Community Health SurveyNutrition, Food and wellbeing. As shown in Table 4, the pleasure-oriented message did not induce more intense (arousal) and more positive (valence) emotions compared with the health-oriented message. Available from: Motives for dish choices during home meal preparation: results from a large sample of the NutriNet-Sante study, Encouraging the consumption of fruit and vegetables by older Australians: an experiential study, International Food Information Council Foundation. Additional research by Petit et al. Eat more fish, including a portion of oily fish. In this way, the vocabulary used in the pleasure-oriented message referred mostly to sensations and emotions (e.g., creativity, having fun, deliciously, smooth), whereas wording selected for the health-oriented message referred to more rational considerations (e.g., control of appetite, dietary fibers, light, calories). Thus, it is essential that future studies conducted to replicate the present results in other populations also use this conceptualization of eating pleasure. As an example, instead of putting the same images in both leaflets, pictures representing as faithfully as possible each dimension of eating pleasure could be used in the pleasure leaflet, whereas pictures focusing on health attributes of foods usually associated with the promotion of healthy eating could be selected for the health leaflet. Have campaigns delivered on the goals, Communication and diet: an overview of experience and principles, From nutrients to nurturance: a conceptual introduction to food well-being, Enjoy your food: on losing weight and taking pleasure, Attitudes to food and the role of food in life in the U.S.A., Japan, Flemish Belgium and France: possible implications for the diet-health debate, Sensory-based nutrition pilot intervention for women. A fourth limitation is the difficulty of generalizing our results to other channels of communication to deliver the message (e.g., a third person or a video). For full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription. Part of a person's health and wellbeing is about feeling happy and content, as well as meeting the requirements of keeping them nutritionally sustained. California Residents: 877-324-7901 Background Healthy eating by primary school-aged children is important for good health and development. In addition to producing new tools relevant for our population, this work also contributes to the expansion of the very limited literature comparing pleasure and health paradigms in the promotion of healthy eating, suggesting that pleasure-oriented messages would influence more effectively affective components of attitude than health-oriented messages. Mean scores were calculated for both components of attitude and a global score was derived from all 6 items of attitude. Affective attitude towards healthy eating was assessed by the following 3 semantic differential scales: Eating healthily in the next month would be (i) unenjoyable/enjoyable; (ii) unpleasant/pleasant; (iii) boring/exciting. Cognitive attitude towards healthy eating was assessed by the following 3 semantic differential scales: Eating healthily in the next month would be (i) not worthwhile/worthwhile; (ii) worthless/valuable; (iii) harmful/beneficial. The score ranged from 1 to 7 (4 being the neutral option) (48). Hence, there is a need to examine the effects of a pleasure- compared with a health-oriented message strategy on adherence to healthy eating. and mental health units. Nevertheless, our study has also important strengths, namely the notion of eating pleasure adopted in this study was not limited to the sensory aspects of foods but was multidimensional in nature. Methods: A total of 396 fifth- and sixth-grade children, from 2 . In the context of this study, our definition of eating pleasure echoes the Epicurean pleasure as proposed by Cornil and Chandon (25) and defined as the enduring pleasure derived from the aesthetic appreciation of the sensory and symbolic value of foods (p. 52). Moreover, it is noteworthy that this result was observed despite the fact that participants had a single and short exposure to the message. In addition, many attributes of the leaflets may explain why respondents reported high scores for message acceptance, perceived message effectiveness, induced emotions, attitude and intention towards healthy eating, and general appreciation, regardless of which version of the leaflet was evaluated. The difference in message orientation (pleasure compared with health) was well perceived by participants (P0.01). 3.4 Evaluate the effectiveness of different ways of promoting healthy eating 4 Be able to promote hydration in health and social care settings 4.1 Explain the importance of hydration 4.2 Describe signs of dehydration 4.3 Demonstrate ways to support and promote hydration with individuals 4.4 Evaluate the effectiveness of different ways of . Some intervention studies assessing dietary behaviors such as fruit and vegetable intake have shown that affective messages were more effective than cognitive messages at favoring behavioral changes (48, 6264). Modifications and analysis to evaluate effectiveness ways promoting healthy eating habits through the possibility of the practice. Also, the language was carefully chosen to closely reflect the respective message orientation of each leaflet. This study also represents an important first step in pursuing research efforts on the potential of a pleasure approach to promote healthy eating. New reviews that focused on promoting healthy eating and physical activity It was also found that the intention to eat healthily in the next month increased following the reading of both leaflets (both P<0.001). Childhood is an important time for shaping healthy habits. The study was conducted in 2 phases. We have previously reported the efficacy of a parent-oriented mobile health (mHealth) app-based intervention (MINISTOP 1.0) which showed improvements in healthy lifestyle behaviors. This variable was measured with eight 7-point semantic differential scales as proposed by Dillard and Ye (42) involving 2 dimensions: the global evaluation of message effect (persuasiveness of the message) and specific judgments of message attributes (believability of the message). Towards a consumer-based approach. Objective To evaluate the real-world . Davis KC, Nonnemaker J, Duke J, Farrelly MC. However, some evidence suggests that individuals less interested in nutrition could also be appealed to via hedonic prevention messages. This cognitive task is therefore likely to restrain the emotional intensity and to influence the nature of emotions felt in comparison to more interactive channels of communication such as television advertising or a third party conveying the message (60). Pleasure-seeking is recognized to be a prominent factor in food consumption (1821). preparation. Conclusions: School-based interventions (including multicomponent interventions) can be an effective and promising means for promoting healthy eating, improving dietary behaviour, attitude and . an effective evaluation is based on clearly defined outcome measures - at individual . In fact, our sample was on the average more obese [31% compared with 23% in the general population (69)] and more educated [81% had a college or university degree compared with 48% in the general population (68)] than the population of Qubec. No such difference was observed in individuals with a BMI>25 [medianpleasure (25th percentile, 75th percentile): 5.0 (5.0, 7.0); medianhealth (25th percentile, 75th percentile): 6.0 (4.0, 7.0), P=0.81]. Diet quality plays a vital role in promoting health and reducing prevalence of obesity and major chronic diseases (1, 2). The message content was reviewed by a panel of experts in the fields of communication, health promotion, and nutrition to assess the messages credibility and to ensure that each dimension of eating pleasure and health was easy to identify and that the foods and meals proposed were representative of each food group. Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, it has six regional offices and 150 field offices worldwide.. Statistical adjustment for BMI (with the ANOVA procedure) did not change results obtained for dependent variables that significantly correlated with BMI (i.e., the item The message was interesting and the change in intention). The results showed that the orientation manipulation was successful because the pleasure version of the message was perceived as more focused on pleasure than the health version (P=0.01), whereas the health version was perceived as more focused on health than the pleasure version (P<0.001). The four stages of changing a health behavior are. Analyses were conducted to verify whether gender and BMI (BMI 25 kg/m2 compared with BMI >25 kg/m2) moderate the effect of the health or pleasure condition on dependent variables with the use of the CATMOD procedure for ordinal variables and the GLM procedure for change scores (post- compared with pre-reading of the leaflet). Differences in median scores for manipulation check variables between pleasure- and the health-oriented messages1. Flow chart of the participants through the study. Therefore, strategies oriented towards eating pleasure are likely to reach other segments of the population but further investigation is needed. One of the healthiest diets you can eat is a Mediterranean-style eating plan rich in vegetables, legumes, fruits, whole grains, nuts and seeds, fish, poultry, and low-fat dairy products (milk, yogurt, small amounts of . sitting and eating with the children. The pleasure-oriented message was successful in inducing the perception that eating healthy can be pleasurable (pre- compared with post-reading; P=0.01). Contrary to our expectations, the pleasure-oriented message was not perceived as being more effective than the health-oriented message. The method to diffuse the message chosen in this study might explain this observation.